The insemination method is a method applied to couples who have infertility problems, that is, who have not been able to get pregnant despite unprotected and regular intercourse for a year. It is one of the easiest treatments among assisted reproductive methods.
In its shortest definition, it is the washing and conditioning of sperm cells taken from the prospective father to ensure pregnancy and then leaving them in the uterus. Pregnancy rates can reach 30%. It is preferred in patients who do not need to undergo in vitro fertilization. In vitro fertilization treatment is recommended for couples who cannot achieve pregnancy with all four insemination methods.
Is the vaccination method a difficult process?
Although the insemination method is a very practical method, it should not be forgotten that it should only be applied by experienced and expert people. Before resorting to the insemination method, the couple must have tried to get pregnant naturally. While the natural pregnancy expectancy period for mothers under the age of 35 is 1 year, the natural pregnancy expectancy period for mothers over the age of 35 is 6 months. It is important for couples who cannot get pregnant during this period to consult a specialist.
The mother or father candidate does not experience any problems or difficulties in the insemination method. With today's technology, the pain and suffering rate is zero. There are almost no side effects.
Under what conditions is the vaccination method applied?
The insemination method is not a method applied to every couple with infertility problems. First of all, the father candidate must have sperm cells. Similarly, the mother candidate must have sufficient and high-quality ovarian reserves. If there are deficiencies in these two factors, in vitro fertilization treatment may need to be tried. After the necessary tests and analyses are performed, the treatment process begins for couples who are suitable for the insemination method.
What should be paid attention to before vaccination treatment?
There are factors that prospective parents should pay attention to before the insemination method in order not to reduce the chance of success. In order to obtain healthy sperm cells from the prospective father, alcohol and cigarette use should be stopped before the treatment. If the prospective father resorts to harmful habits, the quality and number of sperm cells will decrease.
The mother-to-be should not apply any cream, lotion or other chemical product to her vaginal area before the insemination treatment. Since sperm cells will be deposited into the uterus, these substances may cause infection or various diseases.
Although vaccination is a simple procedure, it is a very serious one. For this reason, care should be taken to ensure that the center is reliable and has high success rates.
How long does the vaccination process take?
The insemination method is completed in a very short time. There is no need for anesthesia methods to be applied to the mother candidate. While the woman is in the gynecological examination position, the hygiene of the vaginal area is ensured. Then, sperm cells are transferred to the vaginal area through the injector with the necessary equipment. The doctor, who transfers the necessary sperm to the area where it will be placed in just a few seconds, quickly completes the operation.
After the procedure is completed, the mother-to-be is rested at the center and final checks are made. Then the mother-to-be can return to her daily life. If unexpected situations occur after the procedure, it is necessary to consult a specialist without wasting time.
IVF for whom, insemination for whom?
Factors such as changing living conditions, exposure to intense stress, and the increasing age at which women have children lead to widespread infertility. Ovarian reserves decrease with age. The quality of egg cells decreases. For this reason, the chance of fertility decreases considerably. However, in women under the age of 35, negative factors such as genital infections, previous surgical procedures, sexually transmitted diseases, and smoking can lead to early depletion of ovarian reserves. For this reason, a decrease in ovarian reserves can be seen regardless of age. Excluding such factors, the chance of a healthy woman and man to have a child with regular and unprotected sexual intercourse within a year is 80%. In other words, the chance of having a child is 20% for each month. However, if the mother-to-be is over 35 or has insufficient ovarian reserves, this rate decreases even further. For this reason, assisted reproductive methods are needed.
Today, 15 out of every hundred couples need assisted reproduction methods to have children. It is very important that couples with infertility problems are diagnosed and treated correctly. In the first examination, the source of the couple's infertility problem should be determined and a special treatment procedure should be prepared accordingly. In various cases, it is possible to not have children even if the couple does not have any problems. This problem is referred to as "unexplained infertility".
The importance of age and duration of marriage in treatment
The most important factor in IVF treatments is the age of the mother candidate and the duration of infertility. If the woman is younger than 35 and the marriage period is short, ovulation monitoring and timed intercourse are recommended first. At this stage, the woman is examined on the 2nd day of her menstrual period. Later, various hormonal drugs and injections may be recommended for ovulation monitoring.
In this way, egg development is monitored. After the eggs reach the desired size, an egg cracking needle is applied. It is recommended to have sexual intercourse 24 and 48 hours after the needle. This method is called timed intercourse. If this method is tried several times but pregnancy is not achieved, the insemination method can be used.
If a woman's infertility problem has not been detected, the problem may be due to sperm cells. Insufficient sperm count, low mobility or morphologically defective sperm cells may prevent pregnancy. For this purpose, a sperm analysis test is applied to the man. If the sperm cell count is over 3 million as a result of this test, double insemination treatment can be applied. However, if one of the woman's tubes is blocked or she is older, the chance of success in the insemination method may decrease.
Who is vaccinated?
The success rates in the insemination method are lower than in vitro fertilization treatment. However, due to the advantages such as the short application period and the fact that long breaks cannot be given between attempts, insemination treatment is tried first. The fact that it is more affordable compared to in vitro fertilization treatment also ensures that the insemination method is preferred as the first treatment method.
If there is no problem in the expectant mother's uterus, hormone injections are applied. In this way, the ovaries are stimulated. Then, egg monitoring begins.
After a 12-day follow-up, the mother-to-be is given a trigger shot. 36 hours after this shot, laboratory procedures begin. The prepared sperm is transferred to the uterus via a cannula.
Sperms are specially prepared in a laboratory environment to be more mobile and healthy. In addition, sperm cells are left in an area close to the egg in order to shorten the area where the sperm will travel.
In the insemination method, no other intervention is made for the sperm cell to fertilize the egg. For this reason, sperm quality is very important in insemination treatment.
Vaccination treatment:
For father candidates who have ejaculation problems,
In problems such as vaginismus that prevent sexual intercourse,
In minimal pathologies in sperm parameters
In polycystic ovary syndrome
In cases of mild endometriosis
It is preferred to be applied in cases of unexplained infertility problems.
How is a woman prepared for insemination treatment?
If the expectant mother's menstrual cycles are regular and ovulation is present, a natural ovulation follow-up is performed and then the insemination method is applied. Egg development is monitored every 2 days in ultrasound checks performed on the 3rd day of the menstrual cycle. If the specialist detects a problem during follicle development, blood estrogen level control can also be performed. When the follicle reaches 16-20 mm in size, a trigger shot called HCG is applied. The insemination method is applied 36 hours after this shot. In addition, the timing of the insemination can be done by monitoring ovulation on its own without administering HCG with hormone measurements in the blood and ultrasound follow-up.
Ovarian stimulating pills (clomiphene, letrozole) or injections (FSH, LH, HMG) are started on the 2nd-3rd day of the menstrual period in doses determined by the specialist according to the patient's ovarian reserves, age and weight. The timing of the insemination is very important. It is usually done 36-40 hours after HCG. In some cases, double insemination can be done 24 and 48 hours after HCG.
How to prepare sperm for insemination?
In order to obtain sperm cells from the prospective father, the man must provide a sperm sample by masturbating in a special room at the center. The sperm sample is sent to the laboratory in a sterile container. After the semen becomes liquid, the sperm is washed with methods called floatation or gradient. After the washing and preparation methods, the best and highest quality sperm are determined and collected in an area. The well-motile sperm, concentrated in an average volume of 0.5-1 ml, are transferred to the uterine cavity with the help of a thin catheter. During the preparation phase of the sperm in the laboratory, collecting 1 million sperm cells will be sufficient for insemination.
How is the vaccination process performed?
The mother-to-be lies in a gynecological position, then the cervix is cleaned with a speculum. Then the prepared sperm is injected into the uterus with a thin catheter. The procedure is completed in 5 minutes.
When should a pregnancy test be done?
A pregnancy test is performed on the blood 2 weeks after the insemination method. During this two-week period, the specialist may recommend that the mother use progesterone. In case of pregnancy, an ultrasound should be performed 3 weeks later to see the fetus and heartbeat.
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