When should a couple who suspects infertility see a doctor?
The age of the mother is the most important factor in infertility treatments. If the mother is under 35, regular and unprotected sexual intercourse should be performed for 1 year to conceive naturally. However, if the mother is 35 or older, she should try to conceive naturally for six months and then consult a specialist.
The reason why the woman's age is so important at this point is that ovarian reserves decrease with age. As ovarian reserves decrease, the chance of pregnancy decreases. However, if there is a problem with the ovaries in the couple's medical history, if there has been surgery related to the genital and reproductive organs, if cancer treatment is to be started, a specialist should be consulted without wasting time and without waiting for a natural pregnancy.
Can IVF treatment be performed without trying insemination?
The infertility problem experienced by each couple is different. However, factors such as sperm count, sperm quality, egg cell status and ovarian reserves, the woman's age, psychological and physiological factors also vary from person to person. For this reason, the in vitro fertilization treatment planned for the couple is specially prepared.
Depending on the infertility problem and the characteristics of the couple, methods such as in vitro fertilization or insemination can be decided. Insemination method should be applied 4 times at most. Couples who are not successful in 4 applications should apply for in vitro fertilization treatment without wasting time. However, if the mother candidate is older, starting in vitro fertilization treatment will ensure that time is not lost with the insemination method.
Patients who can proceed to in vitro fertilization treatment before starting insemination treatment:
Expectant mothers with both tubes blocked,
Azoospermia problems, meaning no sperm in the father candidate,
The mother candidate is older,
Causes of severe infertility.
What tests are performed in IVF treatment?
Various tests and examinations are performed on both the prospective mother and the prospective father in order to determine the factors that cause infertility problems. These tests and examinations are performed on both genders at the same time.
The tests to be performed are:
Sperm test for father candidate,
Hormone tests,
Basal temperature test,
Ovulation tests,
Laparoscopy
Ultrasound,
Progesterone test,
Uterine tests,
Hysteroscopy
Hysterosalpingography can be counted as a hysterosalpingography.
There are also tests for some sexual and hereditary diseases that are not included in these tests. However, these tests are performed only when necessary.
Are there high success rates for IVF treatment?
IVF treatment is the assisted reproduction method with the highest success rate. There are many factors that affect the success rates of this method. These factors are:
Fertilization, Laboratory Fertilization Rate: This rate must be over 80%.
Biochemical Pregnancy: It should be at a rate of 50%.
Pregnancy Rate that can be Visualized and Followed by Ultrasonography: Must be 40% or above.
Taking Home a Living Child Rate: This is the most important rate that affects the success rate of the centers. This rate is usually 35% in the centers. A high rate indicates that the center is successful in IVF treatment.
What is blastocyst transfer?
The embryo transfer stage applied in IVF treatment is mostly applied on the 3rd day after the egg collection stage. However, if the embryos are of high quality and sufficient, blastocyst transfer can be recommended to couples. The number of cells for embryos transferred on the 3rd day is only between 8-6. However, when these embryos are developed in the laboratory; the number of cells increases and the chance of pregnancy increases. Embryos developed up to the 5th day are called blastocysts.
The chance of pregnancy is higher in blastocyst transfers. With a minimum of one blastocyst transfer, it is quite possible to encounter a 65% live birth rate in women. In addition, the risk of miscarriage is lower than with day 3 embryos.
For example, let's assume that 15 egg cells are obtained from an expectant mother. On average, 12 of these egg cells are Day 3 embryos. 6-7 of these eggs will be of better quality than the others. Since a maximum of two embryos can be transferred to the expectant mother, the 6-7 embryos with the highest quality are monitored until the fifth day.
Among these embryos, only 2 survive until the fifth day. If these embryos are transferred to the mother-to-be, the chance of pregnancy will be higher.
What is the sufficient sperm count for in vitro fertilization treatment?
Sperm count and quality are among the most important factors for men to become fathers. Before treatment, sperm analysis is performed to determine the status of sperm count. Apart from this, the World Health Organization has stated the following about sperm count:
The lower limit for sperm count is 15 million per milliliter.
In the total semen sample: There should be 40 million sperm.
It is very difficult for men with a sperm count below the specified rate to get pregnant naturally. At this stage, even if the sperm count is sufficient, there may be poor quality sperm cells.
Sperm count alone is insufficient to have children. The number of sperm cells must be sufficient, and their mobility and quality must be high.
When should genetic tests be performed?
Genetic evaluations should be performed if there are hereditary diseases in the family. In addition, genetic screening tests are definitely recommended if the woman is 35 years of age or older. If there is any carrier disease or hereditary problem in the family; this will lead to the baby being infected. If such cases are definite, the family is definitely subjected to genetic testing. Another situation where genetic testing is necessary is recurrent miscarriages.
Recurrent miscarriages indicate a genetic problem in the embryo. For this reason, genetic tests are recommended.
What are the innovations in in vitro fertilization treatment methods?
IVF treatments are developing day by day. Thanks to technological and medical developments, success rates are also increasing. One of the newest techniques is embryoscope, which is called "dynamic embryo tracking". Apart from this:
ERA test
Preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD)
ISH
Vitrification
What should men and women pay attention to before treatment?
It is important for the couple who will go for an examination for in vitro fertilization treatment to clean their genital areas.
If the couple has a chronic disease or uses a medication regularly, it must be reported to the doctor.
Heavy exercises should not be done.
The mother and father candidates should not be in extremely hot environments.
If there are any sexually transmitted diseases, the doctor should be informed.
If the father-to-be has had a fever before the treatment, he must be notified to the doctor.
He/she should definitely inform his/her doctor about his/her general health condition.
Acidic and caffeinated drinks should be avoided.
How many times can IVF be tried?
There is no medical limitation in IVF treatment. Couples can continue trying as long as their financial and spiritual means allow. However, it is also very important to get the opinion of the doctor and his team on this matter. Continuing to try in cases where the chance of success is low will psychologically wear out the prospective mother and father.
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